Under Titles II and III, which term describes significant difficulty or expense?

• A. Readily achievable
• B. Direct threat
• C. Undue burden
• D. Auxiliary aids or services

Answer: (C)

Under Titles II and III, the obligation is to provide access and reasonable modifications unless doing so would impose an undue burden. Undue burden means a significant difficulty or expense, assessed by factors like the nature and cost of the accommodation, the organization’s financial resources, the number of employees, and the impact on operations. This standard explains why some accommodations aren’t required when they would be excessively costly or disruptive. Readily achievable barrier removal is a related but lower standard—something that can be accomplished easily with minimal difficulty or cost. Direct threat concerns safety rather than the cost or effort involved, and auxiliary aids or services are the accommodations themselves, not a measure of burden.